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Everglades: Management--Protection
Image of some people canoeing on the St. Lucie River.One way to protect the Everglades from future removal and possibly return some of the original area to its wetlands status is by restoring the natural flow of water through the region. Many species of plants and animals use the water for habitat, breeding and hunting grounds, and camouflage. Their survival depends upon having enough water. Water is also a key factor in ecotourism at the Everglades National Park. The park requires water for such recreational activities as fishing and boating. Photo: Canoeing on St. Lucie River. Photo courtesy of South Florida Water Management District.

One effort to restore the Everglades to its original state includes the purchase of land surrounding the Everglades National Park to create buffer zones that distance people and pollutants from the park. In 1989, President George Bush purchased107,000 acres to establish a buffer zone near the park. In 1997, Vice President Al Gore purchased another 50,000 acres for this purpose. This land may increase the natural flow of water through the Everglades, increase habitat for plants and animals, and decrease agricultural pollution where the land purchased was farmland. 

Another effort to restore the Everglades to its original state is through legislation. In 1989, the Everglades National Park (ENP) Protection and Expansion Act was established. The purpose of this Act is to increase park protection and assure better management of its resources. That same year the ENP Protection and Expansion Act authorized the Mod Waters Project. The goal of this project is to restore the natural flow of water to the ENP in order to restore its ecosystem. However, it was soon realized that merely pumping water into the Everglades with no regard for the quality, quantity, or the timing of the flow was not succeeding in restoring the wetlands ecosystem. 

Image of some exotic melaleuca trees which are invading the Everglades.In 1994, the Everglades Forever Act was passed. This Act provided for a comprehensive clean-up/restoration plan. It addressed the problems of quality, quantity, and timing of restored waterflow. This law also called for action to stop exotic (not native) species of plants from spreading further throughout the Everglades. Photo: Exotic melaleuca trees invade the Everglades. Photo courtesy of South Florida Water Management District.

The Everglades Forever Act of 1994 was followed by the Federal Water Resources Development Act of 1996 which provides for a "restudy" of water management in central and southern Florida. One goal of the federal "restudy" is to decide how surrounding land should be managed. Should it be purchased or left alone? Many of the changes in the Everglades are the result of canals and dams installed by the Army Corps of Engineers to control water flow and protect against floods. For this reason, the Federal Water Resources Development Act of 1996 required the Corps to recommend a plan by July 1, 1999 to restore the natural water flow of the Everglades.

For more information on Everglades legislation, visit the Everglades Information Network.

 

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